Kūkulu haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe ikaika / Pulu kila kila no nā kumu kūkulu

ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ke kalapona kalapona kila-kalapona ma lalo o 0.25%. ʻO nā paipu kalapona kalapona i nā huahana aila, ka aila a me ke kalaea a me nā pāpāho lehulehu me ka hoʻolālā hoʻolālā ma lalo o 10MPa-carbon content ma waena o 0.25 a me 0.60%, e like me 35, 45 kila, a pēlā aku. ʻoi aku ka nui o nā paipu kila kalapona-ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kalapona ma kahi o 0.60%. ʻAʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano kila i ka hana ʻana i nā paipu kila. ʻO ke kani kila kila ʻAʻole i loko o nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe. E hoʻomaopopo he nui ʻole ka ʻike silikone ma mua o 0.40%. I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka hoʻohui kemika a me nā pono mechanical o nā paipu kila kalapona, pono mākou e kaohi i nā ʻike o nā impurities e like me ka sulfur a me ka phosphor ma lalo o 0.035%. Ma kēia ala wale nō e hana ʻia ai nā paipu kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe.